Parenting styles refer to the overall approach that parents use to raise their children. This includes the beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors that parents utilize to guide and support their children's development and well-being. Research in this area typically focuses on identifying and categorizing different styles of parenting, such as authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and uninvolved. These styles can have a significant impact on a child's social, emotional, and cognitive development, as well as their overall mental health and well-being. Studies also examine the effects of different parenting styles on children's behavior, academic achievement, self-esteem, and relationship with their parents. Overall, research on parenting styles aims to provide insight into how parents can create a positive and supportive environment for their children to thrive.